Astronomy News for the Month of September 2010


  This news letter is provided as a service by
The International Association for Astronomical Studies
provides this newsletter as a service for interested persons worldwide.

Downloadable version of the newsletter in
PDF Format
(Right click and select "Save target as" to begin download.)

Visit the Home Page of KIØAR


Sign My Guest book Guest book by GuestWorld View My Guest book


Subscribe to the
IAAS Monthly Astronomy Newsletter

(Email version)
SUBSCRIBE

Read important subscription notes below.
Freelists.org
Subscribe to the NEW
IAAS Monthly Astronomy Podcast

RSS Logo

You may also subscribe to this podcast through
Apple's iTunes application.
-- Search for "IAAS" --

  Receive notification 
when this page changes.  

by ChangeDetect



Visitor Map
Create your own visitor map!

An Open Invitation

For amateur radio and scanner enthusiasts, when in the Denver metro area, please join the Colorado Astronomy Net on the Rocky Mountain Radio League 146.94 MHz repeater on Tuesday nights at 7PM local time.


Special Notice to Denver, CO area residents and visitors to the area:

The Plains Conservation Center in Aurora hosts Full Moon Walks every month weather permitting on or near the night of the full Moon. Visit The Plains Conservation Center for more information and directions.


 Excerpts from JPL mission updates are provided as a public service as part
of the JPL Solar System Ambassador/NASA Outreach program.

For special JPL programs and presentations in your area visit the JPL Solar System Ambassador website.
(Click on the logo to link to the JPL SSA homepage.)


In this Newsletter...

Background screen credits:NGC5775 -Imaged March 21/22, 2001 using the 16" Kitt Peak Visitors Center telescope as part of the Advanced Observing Program.


The Month At-A-Glance
A calendar displaying the daily astronomical events.


26

The Moon

Phases

Apogee/Perigee

Moon/Planet Pairs

For reference: The Full Moon subtends an angle of 0.5°.

Return to Top


The Planets & Dwarf Planets

Planetary Reports generated by "TheSky" software. These reports provide predicted data for the planets for the first of each month for the current year. The rise and set times for the Sun and the Moon for each day of the month are also included in the reports.
Planetary reports for 2010 are current for this month and next month. Sun/Moon rise and set times are updated for the year.

(All times are local unless otherwise noted.)

Planetary Highlights for September - Begin September with a glimpse of Saturn before it disappears into the twilight glow. Continue your evening viewing with Mars and Venus. Jupiter rises about the same time that Saturn sets. Jupiter makes its best appearance in almost 50 years. Uranus also lies within 2° of Jupiter and should still be relatively easy to spot. Mercury puts in a brief appearance in the morning sky just before sunrise.
Mercury - Is in inferior conjunction on the 3rd. Mercury is at greatest western elongation (18° above the eastern horizon) on the 19th. Mercury rises at 6:55 a.m. on the 1st and about 5:54 a.m. by month's end. Look for Mercury in the morning sky about mid-month. Mercury moves from the constellation of Sextans into Virgo this month shining at magnitude 0.5.
Venus - Is at its greatest brilliancy on the 23rd, magnitude -4.8. Venus is visible in the west soon after sunset. Venus sets at 9:02 p.m. on the 1st and about 7:33 p.m. by month's end. Venus is in the constellation of Virgo this month.
Earth - The Autumnal Equinox occurs at 11:09 p.m. EDT on the 22nd.
Mars - Sets at 9:09 p.m. on the 1st and about 7:33 p.m. by month's end. Mars keeps pace with Venus all month, so watch our nearest planetary neighbors within a few degrees of each other all month long. Mars is in the constellation of Virgo this month shining at magnitude 1.5.
Jupiter - Is at opposition on the 21st, rising as the Sun sets. Jupiter rises is 8:21 p.m. on the 1st and about 6:14 p.m. by month's end. Jupiter rises about the same time as Saturn sets this month. Look for Jupiter in the east and south in the evening and late evening. Jupiter is in the constellation of Pisces this month shining at magnitude -2.9.
Saturn - Is in conjunction with the Sun on the 30th. Saturn rapidly disappears into the evening twilight glow as the month progresses, so catch a glimpse of Saturn soon after sunset during the first half of the month. Saturn sets at 8:38 p.m. on the 1st and about 6:48 p.m. by month's end. Look for Saturn in the evening low in the west after sunset. Saturn is in the constellation of Virgo shining at magnitude 1.0.
Uranus - Is at opposition on the 21st, rising as the Sun sets. This month, Uranus remains even closer to Jupiter than it did last month, less than 1° north of Jupiter. Uranus rises at 8:14 p.m. on the 1st and about 6:13 p.m. by month's end, preceding Jupiter by just a few minutes all month. Uranus is in the constellation of Pisces shining at magnitude 5.7.
Neptune - Rises at 6:54 p.m. on the 1st and about 4:54 p.m. by month's end. Neptune will be well above the eastern horizon by sunset this month making it a little easier to spot in the evening sky. Neptune is in the constellation of Capricornus this month shining at magnitude 7.8.

Dwarf Planets

Ceres - Sets at 11:01 p.m. on the 1st and about 9:27 p.m. by month's end. Ceres moves into the constellation of Sagittarius this month shining at magnitude 8.8.
Pluto - Sets at 1:28 a.m. on the 1st and about 11:26 p.m. by month's end. Pluto is in the constellation of Sagittarius shining at magnitude 14.0.

As always, good luck at spotting these two, a large telescope and dark skies will be needed.

Return to Top


Astronomical Events

Meteor Showers

  • No significant meteor shower activity this month, but you can expect to see from 1 to 6 meteors per hour early in the month.

    For more information about Meteor Showers, visit Gary Kronk's Meteor Showers Online web page.

  • Comets

  • "Comet 103P/Hartley could hit the headlines in the next 2 months. First, the comet comes closest to both the Sun and Earth in October's second half, when observers should get nice views through binoculars and telescopes and might glimpse it with naked eyes. Then, in early November, NASA's Deep Impact spacecraft will fly past the comet.

    Currently, Comet Hartley is brightening quickly as it approaches Earth. Astronomers expect it to reach 10th magnitude by late September. The best views will come under a dark sky starting around the 24th. The comet then lies in Cassiopeia, south of that constellation's familiar W-shaped asterism, and remains visible all night." (from Astronomy Magazine, September 2010, P. 42.)

  • For information, orbital elements and ephemerides on observable comets, visit the Observable Comets page from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

    For more information about Comets, visit Gary Kronk's Cometography.com webpage.

  • Eclipses

  • No eclipse activity this month.
  • Observational Opportunities

  • Jupiter appears at its best and brightest than it has since 1963 on the evening of the 21st. Jupiter will shine at magnitude -2.9 and subtends about 49.9 seconds of arc.
  • While observing Jupiter, scan the nearby sky with a good pair of binoculars and spot Uranus within 1° north of Jupiter.
  • Asteroids

    (From west to east)
    Ocultations

    IOTA Logo

  • Information on various occultations can be found by clicking the IOTA logo.
  • Return to Top


    Planetary/Lunar Exploration Missions

    (Excerpts from recent JPL mission updates)
    Cassini - August 26, 2010
    Cassini Significant Events 08/18/10 - 08/24/10

    "Wednesday, August 18 (DOY 230) Today marked the 11th anniversary of Cassini's Earth flyby.

    Friday, August 20 (DOY 232) Spacecraft Operations (SCO) successfully completed real time commanding to load Command & Data Subsystem (CDS) flight software (FSW) V10.0 patches. This is the last planned software update for CDS FSW for the remainder of the Cassini Mission. The command loss timer will be set back to 110 hours on Sunday.

    SCO completed the first long reaction wheel rest period during the CDS FSW uplink and checkout period. The objective for these wheel rest periods is to allow for a redistribution of lubricants within the bearing assemblies. Bearing consultants have recommended this approach to mitigate against increased friction in the bearings, but at this point there is still insufficient data to judge the effectiveness of this plan. Attitude control was switched from reaction wheels to thrusters on Aug. 18, and switched back to wheels today.

    Monday, August 23 (DOY 235) The Science Forum for S66 was held today. Topics included an overview of science planned for this sequence followed by highlights, unique activities, and highest priority observations as described by the Target Working Team (TWT) and Orbiter Science Team (OST) leads, with comments from the Investigation Scientists and other instrument team representatives.

    Tuesday, August 24 (DOY 236) This week the Radio Science team performed an operational readiness test with the DSN in preparation for the occultation observation on Sept. 2. The Magnetospheric and Plasma Science instruments performed an 11.5 hour survey. The Composite Infrared Spectrometer performed an 8 hour spectroscopic observation of the infrared star CW Leonis. The Cosmic Dust Analyzer continued its interstellar dust campaign."

    Cassini Imaging Team

    For the latest mission status reports, visit Cassini Mission Status web page. The speed and location of the spacecraft along its flight path can be viewed on the "Where is Cassini Now?" webpage.

    New Horizons - No new news since July 27, 2010
    LORRI Looks Back at "Old Friend" Jupiter

    "In early 2007 New Horizons flew through the Jupiter system, getting a speed-boost from the giant planet's gravity while snapping stunning, close-up images of Jupiter and its largest moons. Fast forward to 2010 and New Horizons has given us another glimpse of old friend Jupiter, this time from a vantage point more than 16 times the distance between Earth and the Sun, and almost 1000 times as far away as when New Horizons reconnoitered Jupiter. While the planet is too far for the camera to pick up the swirling clouds and brewing, Earth-sized storms it saw just three years ago, "the picture is a dramatic reminder of just how far New Horizons, moving about a million miles a day, has traveled," says mission Principal Investigator Alan Stern, of the Southwest Research Institute."

    LORRI Looks Back

    New Horizons gallery

    For more information on the New Horizons mission - the first mission to the ninth planet - visit the New Horizons home page.

    Dawn - No new news since June 29, 2010
    Engineers Assess Dawn's Reaction Wheel

    "Engineers are studying the reaction wheels on NASA's Dawn spacecraft after automatic sensors detected excess friction building up in one of them and powered it off early on the morning of June 17, 2010. Reaction wheels spin to help a spacecraft maintain attitude control, and Dawn, which is exploring the asteroid belt, uses three wheels in normal operations.

    The three other reaction wheels are functioning normally. Mission managers said plans for Dawn to visit the asteroid Vesta in 2011 and 2012 and dwarf planet Ceres in 2015 will not be not affected."

    For more information on the Dawn mission, visit the Dawn home page.

    MESSENGER - August 17, 2010
    Vulcanoid Search Continues as MESSENGER Reaches Orbital Perihelion

    "Today MESSENGER will pass within 0.308 astronomical units (AU) of the Sun (one AU is Earth's distance from the Sun, approximately 150 million kilometers or 93 million miles), providing MESSENGER scientists with another opportunity to search for vulcanoids. Named after the hypothetical planet Vulcan, whose existence was disproven in 1915, vulcanoids are asteroids that orbit the Sun inside the orbit of the planet Mercury. For more information on the MESSENGER mission, visit the MESSENGER home page.

    Pack Your Backpack

    Calling all explorers! Tour JPL with our new Virtual Field Trip site. Stops include Mission Control and the Rover Lab. Your guided tour starts when you select a "face" that will be yours throughout the visit. Cool space images and souvenirs are all included in your visit.

    Past, Present, Future and Proposed JPL Missions - http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions

    Visit JPL's mission pages for current status.

    Return to Top


       Mars Missions

    Mars Odyssey Orbiter - No new news since July 23, 2010
    NASA Spacecraft Camera Yields Most Accurate Mars Map Ever

    "PASADENA, Calif. - A camera aboard NASA's Mars Odyssey spacecraft has helped develop the most accurate global Martian map ever. Researchers and the public can access the map via several websites and explore and survey the entire surface of the Red Planet. The map was constructed using nearly 21,000 images from the Thermal Emission Imaging System, or THEMIS, a multi-band infrared camera on Odyssey. Researchers at Arizona State University's Mars Space Flight Facility in Tempe, in collaboration with NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, Calif., have been compiling the map since THEMIS observations began eight years ago. The pictures have been smoothed, matched, blended and cartographically controlled to make a giant mosaic. Users can pan around images and zoom into them. At full zoom, the smallest surface details are 100 meters (330 feet) wide. While portions of Mars have been mapped at higher resolution, this map provides the most accurate view so far of the entire planet. The new map is available at: http://www.mars.asu.edu/maps/?layer=thm_dayir_100m_v11."

    "A simulated fly-through using the newly assembled imagery is available online.

    The fly-through plus tools for wandering across and zooming into the large image are at THEMIS."

    Daily Mars Odyssey THEMIS Images
    Can be found at the Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) website.

    The Odyssey data are available through a new online access system established by the Planetary Data System.

    Visit the Mars Odyssey Mission page.

    Mars Exploration Rover Mission (Spirit and Opportunity) - August 25, 2010

    SPIRIT UPDATE: Spirit Remains Silent at 'Troy' - sols 2356-2361, August 19-24, 2010:

    "Spirit remains silent at her location on the west side of Home Plate. No communication has been received from the rover since Sol 2210 (March 22, 2010).

    It is likely that Spirit has experienced a low-power fault and has turned off all sub-systems, including communication and gone into a deep sleep, trying to recharge her batteries. There is the additional risk that the rover may trip a mission clock fault. To respond to either case, the project is both listening for Spirit with the Deep Space Network and Mars Odyssey orbiter for autonomous recovery communication from the low-power fault case, and conducting a "Sweep & Beep" strategy to stimulate the rover in the case of a mission clock fault.

    Although power levels are estimated to be improving with the advancing springtime in the southern hemisphere of Mars, atmospheric conditions historically deteriorate (higher atmospheric opacity) at this time. So, a response from Spirit is still not expected for some time.

    Total odometry is unchanged at 7,730.50 meters (4.80 miles)."

    OPPORTUNITY UPDATE: Opportunity Stops to Check Out Rocks - sols 2336-2341, August 19-25, 2010:

    "Opportunity has paused in her trek toward Endeavour crater to examine an exposed outcrop of rock that is of interest to the science team.

    On Sol 2336 (Aug. 19, 2010), the rover performed a 7-meter (23-foot) backward turn with a forward bump to approach the outcrop contact. On the next sol, Opportunity performed a short turn to place surface targets within reach of the robotic arm (Instrument Deployment Device, IDD). On Sol 2339 (Aug. 23, 2010), Opportunity conducted a relay test pass with Mars Express as part of a regular checkout of the Mars Express relay. On the next sol, the rover used the robotic arm to collect a microscopic imager (MI) mosaic of a surface target, called "Clarin Beach," which was followed by a placement of the alpha particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS) on the same target for integration. On Sol 2341 (Aug. 25, 2010), Opportunity continued the investigation of this outcrop contact, collecting another set of microscopic imager mosaics of new targets and then a placement of the APXS on a target called "Duero Beach."

    As of Sol 2340 (Aug. 24, 2010), solar array energy production was 562 watt-hours with atmospheric opacity (Tau) of 0.334 and the solar array dust factor of 0.7285.

    Total odometry as is 22,647.85 meters (22.65 kilometers, or 14.07 miles)."

    Landing sites

    Visit the Mars Exploration Rover page.

    Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Mission - August 04, 2010
    Hundreds of New Views from Telescope Orbiting Mars

    "The latest set of new images from the telescopic High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment Camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter offers detailed views of diverse Martian landscapes.

    Features as small as desks are revealed in the 314 observations made between June 6 and July 7, 2010, now available on the camera team's site and NASA's Planetary Data System."

    MARS RECONNAISSANCE ORBITER HIRISE IMAGES
    All of the HiRISE images are archived here.

    More information about the MRO mission is available online.

    Mars Missions Status

    New Mars missions are being planned to include several new rover and sample collection missions. Check out the Mars Missions web page and the Mars Exploration page.

    Return to Top


    Links and Other Space News

    (If you have a link you would like to recommend to our readers, please feel free to submit it.)

    Return to Top


    Astronomical Lexicon

    Definitions of astronomical terms. Many of the astronomical terms used in this newsletter are defined here.

    Return to Top


    UT Logo

    Read the Universe Today Newsletter by clicking on the logo.

    Return to Top


    Acknowledgments and References

    Much of the information in this newsletter is from Astronomy® Magazine (Kalmbach Publishing), JPL mission status reports, the Internet, "Meteor Showers - A descriptive Catalog" by Gary W. Kronk, Sky & Telescope web pages, and other astronomical sources that I have stashed on my bookshelves.

    The author will accept any suggestions, constructive criticisms, and corrections. Please feel free to send me any new links or articles to share as well. I will try to accommodate any reasonable requests. Please feel free to send questions, comments, criticisms, or donations to the email address listed below. Enjoy!

    Return to Top


    Subscription Information

    Return to Top


    ScienceandNature BarnesandNoble.com HomePage

    Return to Top


    Keep looking UP!
    73 from KIØAR

    Return to Top


    Free Web Counters

    Home of KIØAR
    created by Burness F. Ansell, III,
    Email me
    IAAS - COO, Director of Aerospace Technologies
    JPL Solar System Ambassador, Colorado
    last modified: August 30, 2010

    URL:http://www.ki0ar.com/astro.html