Astronomy News for the Month of September 2006


  This news letter is provided as a service by
The International Association for Astronomical Studies
located in Denver, Colorado. The astronomical data presented here is
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In this Newsletter...

Background screen credits:NGC5775 -Imaged March 21/22, 2001 using the 16" Kitt Peak Visitors Center telescope as part of the Advanced Observing Program.


08

The Moon

Phases

Apogee/Perigee

Moon/Planet Pairs

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The Planets

Planetary Reports generated by "TheSky" software. These reports provide predicted data for the planets for the first of each month for the current year. The rise and set times for the Sun and the Moon for each day of the month are also included in the reports.

(All times are local unless other wise noted.)
Planetary Highlights for September - The Sun and the Moon are the big "stars" for this month. On September 7th, the Moon will appear the biggest for 2006 due to its second closest perigee of the year during a full Moon. There are also two eclipses this month - a partial lunar eclipse occurs on the 7th and an annular solar eclipse on the 22nd.
Mercury - Is in superior conjunction on the 1st. Mercury will not be visible until the end of the month returning to the evening sky even though it will remain low on the western horizon. Mercury sets about 7:26 pm by month's end. Mercury shines at magnitude -0.3.
Venus - Is visible in the morning sky before sunrise. Venus rises about 5:12 am on the 1st but will disappear into the twilight glow by mid-month as Venus prepares to swing around the Sun during the last half of September. Venus shines at magnitude -3.7.
Earth - The Autumnal equinox occurs at 12:03 am EDT on the 23rd.
Mars - Will be difficult to spot this month as it remains well within the twilight glow setting from within 45 minutes to 15 minutes after the Sun this month. Mars shines at magnitude 1.8.
Jupiter - Is low in the southwest before sunset. Jupiter sets at 10:12 am on the 1st and about 8:28 pm by month's end. Jupiter is in the constellation of Libra and shines at magnitude -1.8.
Saturn - Has returned to the morning sky rising around 04:42 am on the 1st and about 3:01 am by month's end. Saturn shines at a magnitude of 0.5.
Uranus - Is at opposition on the 5th, rising about the same time as the Sun sets. Uranus is at its best for the year. Uranus rises about 7:35 pm on the 1st and about 5:35 pm by month's end. Uranus is in the constellation of Aquarius and shines at magnitude 5.7.
Neptune - Rises about 6:28 pm on the 1st and about 4:28 pm by month's end. Neptune is in the constellation of Capricornus this month. Neptune shines at a magnitude of 7.8.
Pluto - Sets about 1:01 am on the 1st and about 11:00 pm by month's end. Pluto is in the constellation of Ophiuchus. Pluto shines at magnitude 13.9. As always, good luck at spotting this one.

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Astronomical Events

Meteor Showers

The Southern Delta Aquarids - No significant meteor shower activity this month, but you can expect to see from 1 to 4 meteors per hour early in the month.

For more information about Comets and Meteor Showers, visit Gary Kronk's Comets & Meteor Showers webpage.

Comets

Comet Comet 4P/Faye is in the constellation of Aries shining at 9th magnitude will be difficult to spot from within a city. 4P/Faye is expected to brighten to about 8th magnitude in the next couple of months. A small telescope should be able to resolve this fuzzy ball.

For information, orbital elements and ephemerides on observable comets, visit the Observable Comets page from the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics.

For more information about Comets and Meteor Showers, visit Gary Kronk's Comets & Meteor Showers webpage.



Eclipses

  • Partial lunar eclipse occurs on the evening of the 7th.
  • Annular solar eclipse occurs on the 22nd. This annular solar eclipse is viewable beginning in Guyana, Suriname and French Guyana and progresses across the south Atlantic. The northeast corner of South America is the only place where the path of totality passes over land.
  • Ocultations

    IOTA Logo

    More information on occultations can be found by clicking the IOTA logo.

    Asteroids

    (From west to east)
    • Eunomia is at opposition on the 29th in the constellation of Capricornus.

    • Hebe is in the constellation of Capricornus.

    • Ceres is in the constellation of Microscopium.

    • Leto is at opposition on the 15th in the constellation of Aquarius.

    • Iris is in the constellation of Aries.

    • Information about the Minor Planets can be found at the Minor Planet Observer website.

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    Planetary/Lunar Exploration Missions

    (Excerpts from recent JPL mission updates)
    Cassini - September 1, 2006 - Cassini Significant Events

    "The most recent spacecraft telemetry was acquired Wednesday, August 30, from the Goldstone tracking stations. The Cassini spacecraft is in an excellent state of health and is operating normally."

    Cassini Imaging Team

    For the latest mission status reports, visit Cassini Mission Status webpage. The speed and location of the spacecraft along its flight path can be viewed on the "Where is Cassini Now?" webpage.

    New Horizons - September 1, 2006 - Pluto-Bound Camera Sees 'First Light' New Horizons Payload Fully Operational as Telescopic Imager Glimpses Star Cluster

    "The highest-resolution camera on NASA's Pluto-bound New Horizons spacecraft is seeing stars, and mission scientists and engineers couldn't be more excited.

    This week the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) opened its protective cover and took its first image in space, of Messier 7, a star cluster in our Milky Way galaxy. The electronic snapshot also meant that all seven New Horizons science instruments have now operated in space and returned good data since the spacecraft launched in January 2006."

    For more information on the New Horizons mission - the first mission to the ninth planet - visit the New Horizons homepage: http://pluto.jhuapl.edu/ for more information about the mission.

    Past, Present, Future and Proposed JPL Missions - http://www.jpl.nasa.gov/missions

    Visit JPL's mission pages for current status.

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       Mars Missions

    Mars Global Surveyor - August 11, 2006 - Mars Global Surveyor Celebrates Discovery of Deimos

    "Deimos was discovered 129 years ago on August 11, 1877. To celebrate, the MGS team presents the first and only Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) image of this tiny moon."

    Mars Global Surveyor Images - August 24-30, 2006

    "The following new images taken by the Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) on the Mars Global Surveyor spacecraft are now available:

    Every six months, a new suite of MGS MOC data are archived with the NASA Planetary Data System (PDS).

    Information about how to submit requests is online at the new Mars Orbiter Camera Target Request Site, at http://www.msss.com/plan/intro"

    Newly-released MOC images can be seen in the MOCGallery, a website maintained by Malin Space Science Systems, the company that built and operates MOC for the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and NASA.

    Mars Global Surveyor completed its eighth year orbiting the red planet. MGS reached Mars on 12 September 1997. The first MOC images were obtained on 15 September 1997.

    Visit the MGS pages at http://mars.jpl.nasa.gov/mgs/index.html. There are over 200,000 images of Mars from the MGS, check out the newest MGS images of the surface of Mars.

    Mars Odyssey Orbiter - August 16, 2006 - NASA Findings Suggest Jets Bursting From Martian Ice Cap

    "Every spring brings violent eruptions to the south polar ice cap of Mars, according to researchers interpreting new observations by NASA's Mars Odyssey orbiter.

    Jets of carbon dioxide gas erupting from the ice cap as it warms in the spring carry dark sand and dust high aloft. The dark material falls back to the surface, creating dark patches on the ice cap which have long puzzled scientists. Deducing the eruptions of carbon dioxide gas from under the warming ice cap solves the riddle of the spots. It also reveals that this part of Mars is much more dynamically active than had been expected for any part of the planet."

    "A simulated fly-through using the newly assembled imagery is available online at http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/mars/missions/odyssey/20060313.html.

    The fly-through plus tools for wandering across and zooming into the large image are at http://themis.asu.edu."

    Mars Odyssey THEMIS Images
    Thermal Emission Imaging System (THEMIS) website: http://themis.asu.edu/

    August 28 - September 1, 2006

    The following new images from the Mars Odyssey spacecraft are now available:

    The Odyssey data are available through a new online access system established by the Planetary Data System at: http://starbrite.jpl.nasa.gov/pds/"

    Visit the Mars Odyssey Mission page.

    Mars Exploration Rover Mission (Spirit and Opportunity) - September 01, 2006 -

    Spirit Status: Spirit Continues Mid-Winter Studies of Martian Rocks and Soil - sol 933-942, August 25, 2006

    "Spirit continued to make progress on the rover's winter campaign of science observations, acquiring microscopic images and data about rock composition with the alpha particle X-ray spectrometer and the miniature thermal emission spectrometer. Spirit took images of the spacecraft deck for incorporation into the "McMurdo panorama."

    Spirit remains healthy. Electrical power from the rover's solar array has been holding steady at about 280 watt-hours per sol (a hundred watt-hours is the amount of electricity needed to light one 100-watt bulb for one hour)."

    Opportunity Status: Inching Closer to 'Victoria' - sol 920-927, September 1, 2006

    "Opportunity is healthy and still 218 meters (715 feet) from "Victoria Crater." Over the weekend, the rover's shoulder azimuth joint stalled as Opportunity was trying to start measurements on a trench it dug on Sol 919 (Aug. 25, 2006). Consequently, all weekend arm activities were aborted, but remote science activities were executed as planned.

    Beginning on Sol 923, rover arm diagnostic measurements were taken as well as some remote sensing science. Results from the diagnostics revealed neither cause nor any damage to the stalled joint. On Sol 924, the arm performed flawlessly as Opportunity successfully completed the activities originally planned for Sol 920. On Sols 925, 926 and 927 Opportunity collected more arm diagnostics (to ensure the stow before drive would go smoothly) as well as completing all arm activities originally planned over the weekend."

    Landing sites

    Visit the Mars Exploration Rover page.

    Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter - August 30, 2006 - Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter Successfully Concludes Aerobraking

    "Nearly six months after it entered orbit, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has concluded its aerobraking phase. The spacecraft had been dipping in and out of the Red PlanetÕs atmosphere to adjust its orbit. On August 30, 2006, during its 445th orbit, the spacecraft fired its intermediate thrusters to raise the low point of its orbit and stop dipping into the atmosphere. The six-minute engine burn began at 10:36 a.m. PST, altering the spacecraftÕs course so that its periapsis (the closest it comes to the planet) is about 210 kilometers (130 miles) above the planet, well above the atmosphere."

    More information about the mission is available online at http://www.nasa.gov/mro.

    Mars Missions Status

    New Mars missions are being planned to include several new rover and sample collection missions. Check out the Mars Missions web page and the Mars Exploration page.

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    Links and Other Space News

    (If you have a link you would like to recommend to our readers, please feel free to submit it.)

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    Astronomical Lexicon

    Definitions of astronomical terms. Many of the astronomical terms used in this newsletter are defined here.

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    Acknowledgments and References

    Much of the information in this newsletter is from Astronomy® Magazine (Kalmbach Publishing), JPL mission status reports, the Internet, "Meteor Showers - A descriptive Catalog" by Gary W. Kronk, Sky & Telescope web pages (S&T), and other astronomical sources that I have stashed on my bookshelves.

    The author will accept any suggestions, constructive criticisms, and corrections. Please feel free to send me any new links or articles to share as well. I will try to accommodate any reasonable requests. Please feel free to send questions, comments, criticisms, or donations to the email address listed below. Enjoy! Return to Top


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    Keep looking UP!
    73 from KIØAR

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